Ｎotes on "What drives business cycle and international trade in emerging market economies" (by Marcelo Sanchez)

What drives business cycle and international trade in emerging market economies
by Marcelo Sanchez

• uses data from fifteen EM countries
• small open economy model (similar in Kollmann 2001) (model developed from microeconomics model)
• four types of shocks: technology shocks, preference shocks, monetary shocks, risk premium shocks
• be built from Faust (1998), Canova and De Nicolò (2002) and Uhlig (2005) 
• different countries are influenced by different factors and have different responses to shocks
• both real and nominal rates should be considered, especially in countries with unachieved inflation targets

Notes on "International Trade and its Effects on Economic Growth in China" (by Peng Sun and Almas Heshmati)

International Trade and its Effects on Economic Growth in China
by Peng Sun and Almas Heshmati

Joining the WTO was a big achievement of China
China was devoted to reducing trade barriers and enhancing to its openness to the world
Important variables: real GDP, real capital stock, labor, R&D lag, real IMP, real EXP, net EXP ratio, high tech EXP ratio, capacity of local office
fluctuating efficiency trend
net export share in GDP has a significant positive effect on efficiency, high-tech export is less significant
policy implication: encourage export and high-tech trade, strengthen the competitiveness of exports, take notice of unbalanced sectors

Notes on "The Commonwealth in the Unfolding Global Trade Landscape: Prospects Priorities Perspectives Commonwealth Trade Review 2015 "

The Commonwealth in the Unfolding Global Trade Landscape: Prospects Priorities Perspectives Commonwealth Trade Review 2015

http://thecommonwealth.org/sites/default/files/inline/Commonwealth%20Trade%20Review%202015-Full%20Report.pdf 

53 independent states
3.4 trillion dollars trade in 2013
exports to China 14-fold between 2000 and 2013, imports from China 8-fold between 2000 and 2013
rise in regional trade agreements

(not finished)

Notes on "The United States, the European Union, and the "Globalization" of World Trade: Allies or Adversaries?"

Reading notes on several UK business reports

Small businesses over 99%

Large businesses generate over 50%

More business births than business deaths

More female business leaders

London is the centre of businesses in the UK